There are a number of defects that are considered as articulation and articulation defects and distort speech. Most of these defects begin in childhood and may continue into adulthood. These articulation disorders, which can be intervened at any age, can sometimes be corrected only by professional diction training, sometimes by language-speech therapy, and sometimes by eliminating physical causes such as tongue or teeth.
Known and common speech disorders are as follows:
Skipping: It is pronounced by skipping one or more letters in the pronunciation of the word. This can also be caused by a local dialect disorder (such as accent). Saying 'he' instead of 'he' and 'one minute' instead of 'one minute' is an example of this problem. Working by repeating the correct words frequently and having them memorized by the ear cures this problem to a large extent.
Looseness: It is a problem caused by keeping the mouth loose while speaking and not articulating the pronounced letter properly. It is usually caused by laziness of the mouth and tongue, and the practice of reading rhymes by putting a pen to the known mouth will solve this problem. It is not important that the rhyme type is important, it is important that the rhyme is understandable even when there is a pencil in the mouth. According to the degree of slack, the working time should be extended and it should be stable.
Stuttering: It can be a physiological defect as well as a nervous system problem. Before treatment, it is necessary to find the source of the disease. For this reason, one of the many special treatment methods developed for stuttering can be used by seeing a doctor first. This problem can start in childhood or appear in adulthood.
Placement: It is the problem of pronouncing a word by adding an absent letter 'y' to the beginning or middle of the word. The reason for this is mostly local dialect disorder (dialect). Saying 'maymur' when saying officer and saying 'may' when saying salary is an example of this. The problem can be eliminated by repeating the correct word frequently and working articulation.
Gilama: This problem is due to the fact that the letter 'R', which we frequently encounter, cannot be said or it is formed in the larynx instead of at the tip of the tongue. Trying to create the letter 'R' at the tip of the tongue by frequently practicing 'rrrrrr' vocalization is the solution. Simultaneously, it is necessary to study frequently the special exercises for R due to the occurrence of the letter R in it.
Whistling: This defect, which is similar to the whistling problem, is caused by the letter 'S' hissing and whistling. In addition to this, the letters S and T are also very common. This condition is called 'limpness'. For its solution, 'Ssss' vocalizations and rhymes in which the letter s is intense should be studied slowly and openly.
Besides these flaws, there are other problems as well.
These are caused by many problems arising from the local mouth, physical defect of the tongue or tooth, jaw structure, materials such as braces, but the sooner and more stable it is studied, the sooner it will be solved and a good diction will be achieved.
Lecturer Emek UÇARMAN ÖZGEN
